Transformaciones en las cadenas mundiales de proteínas animales. Un nuevo punto de partida para las políticas públicas
Palabras clave:
Brasil, China, innovación radical, sistema agroalimentario globalResumen
Este artículo sostiene que la innovación ya se ha desplazado de la agricultura a la alimentación, ahora liderada por actores sin compromiso con el sistema agroindustrial tradicional y motivados por la preocupación por la seguridad alimentaria mundial. El crecimiento económico sin precedentes de China está alimentando actualmente la demanda mundial de proteínas animales, con Brasil como principal proveedor. Aunque en la actualidad China depende excepcionalmente de las exportaciones brasileñas, está tratando de diversificar sus fuentes y cambiar sus prácticas de consumo. En estas estrategias se incluye su apoyo a opciones alternativas radicales a la proteína animal. Concluimos que, aunque las proyecciones oficiales apuntan a una continuación de la demanda a largo plazo de formas tradicionales de proteína animal y, por lo tanto, también al dinamismo continuado de los sectores cerealero y cárnico brasileños, la combinación sistemática de políticas por parte de China para reducir su dependencia externa significa que Brasil y sus vecinos del Conesur se enfrentan a la necesidad de políticas de reconversión más radicales que las que se están aplicando actualmente.
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